تفاوت بین here are و there are توی این جمله ها

Question

این جمله ها رو بخونید :

1-there are some cars.

2-here are some cars.

 توی گرامرا برای اشاره کردن به چیزایی که وجود دارن همش از there are / is استفاده میکنن ولی خب there  به جای دور اشاره میکنه! آیا این درسته که برای اشاره کردن به جای نزدیک از here are/is استفاده کنیم؟ عین این جمله ها:

( + ) here are some cars.

( - ) here aren't any cars.

( ? ) are here any cars?

با تشکر

Answer 1

کلمه here به معنی وجود داشتن نیست. یعنی بفرما. البته there هم درسته.

Here are the documents! اینم/ بفرما مدارک ها
There are the books! بفرما کتاب ها
Here you go, your key! اینم کلیدت, بفرما
Here is your key! بفرما کلیدت
There is your key! بفرما کلیدت


There are documents here. اسناد اینجان
There are books there. کتاب ها اینجان
Is there my key in there? کلیدم اونجاست

 

اینم ترجمه جملات شما

There are some cars.
تعدادی ماشین موجود هست


Here are some cars.
اینم چندتا باشین
بفرما اینم چندتا ماشین


Here aren't any cars.
این غلطه. درستش اینه
Here there aren't any cars.


Are here any cars?
غلطه. درستش اینه
Are there any cars here?
آیا ماشین (موجود) هست؟

Answer 2

Ah nah nah :-) You could use 'there' as both a presentatoinal and an existential word.

a) Presentational

If you'd like to use 'there' to refer to something which is not close to you usually use a subject after emphatic 'there' i.e. it's stressed.

'There you could find some cars.'

(However I associate it more to there as an adverb here)

or you could use it in the fixed phrase 'There is/are...' in which 'there' carries the stress again.

b) Existential

Using 'there is/are' as an existential phrase doesn't have anything to do with the distance. Actually you could drop 'there is/are' and rephrase the statement without a change in meaning. Compare:

'There is a pen in my hand.'

could be changed into 

'A pen is in my hand.' 

I don't know about you but I keep my hands pretty close to me. lol

To compare what I said about 'there is/are' with 'here is/are' see the link below.

https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/here-is-are-something

BTW 'Are here any cars?' sounds awful! 'Are there any cars here?' sounds much better. You guess why based on what you see above ;-)