There are general combinations like:
Temporary deafness
Temporary hearing loss
And there are some specialized phrases in medical science such as;
Temporary threshold shift (TTS):
A temporary (lasting less than a day) hearing loss due to exposure to loud sounds. Repeated exposure to sound loud enough to cause TTS can eventually lead to permanent hearing loss.
Temporary Conductive hearing loss:
A form of hearing loss arising in the external ear canal, ear drum or middle ear. It refers to anything that impedes or blocks the passage of sound through the outer and/or middle ear sections by preventing or not effectively transmitting sound to the inner ear. A conductive loss could result from something blocking the ear canal, from a ruptured ear drum, or from anything that restricts the movement of the bones in the middle ear. The most common cause of conductive hearing loss is fluid (infection) in the middle ear
Presbycusis : age-related hearing loss
Gradual hearing loss, especially in the high frequencies, due to aging.
If you are interested in this matter, take a look to this website:
http://www.hearinglosshelp.com/glossary.htm#CondHL