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A gerund (-ing form of the verb) functions as a noun and may be used as a subject, an object, or an object of a preposition.
Gerund subject: Fishing is a pleasant activity.
Gerund object: My husband enjoys fishing.
Gerund object of a preposition: The family is interested in fishing.
for more information the book "Grammar Digest" can be so helpful.
Also:
We can use the -ing form of the verb:
- as a noun: Swimming is very good for your health.
- as an adjective: The main problem today is rising prices.
Because the -ing noun or adjective is formed from a verb it can have any of the patterns which follow a verb, for example:
- an object:
I like playing tennis. (Additional words can be added to the gerund to form a gerund phrase.)
- an adverbial: There were several people waiting for the bus.
- a clause: I heard someone saying that.
- as the subject of the verb: Learning English is not easy.
- as the object of a verb: We enjoy learning English.
There are also some verbs followed by -ing.
For more information see:
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/ing-forms